Some features of welding wire
Welding gas arc welding gas wire with the relevant standards: welding wire GB1300-1977, aluminum and aluminum alloy wire JB2737-1980 and copper and copper alloy wire JB2736-1980, these standards specify the wire size, tolerance, packaging , Chemical composition, acceptance rules and experimental methods.
The chemical composition of the flux gas shielded arc welding wire is generally similar to the chemical composition of the base metal, and has good welding process performance and weld properties, the wire flower metal components can be slightly different from the parent metal compensated accidentally in the welding arc The loss occurs either to provide a deoxidation agent to the weld puddle and in some cases, the wire composition is slightly different from the base material. However, in practice, it may also be desirable to obtain satisfactory weldability and weld metal properties Wire composition and base metal composition is different, for example, for GMAW welding manganese bronze, copper - zinc alloy, the most satisfactory wire aluminum bronze.
Most suitable for welding high-strength aluminum alloy and high-strength alloy steel wire composition completely different from the base metal, because some of the aluminum alloy composition such as LD2 is not suitable as filler metal, so the wire alloy should be designed so, It has the ideal weld metal performance and satisfactory operating performance.
不论在焊丝成分上做什么样的改进工作,几乎总会添加脱氧剂或者其他净化元素,这样做就是为了通过氧,氮气,或者氢气的反应来使焊缝中的气孔减到最少或者保证焊缝的力学性能,这些有害气体可能是来自保护气体或者偶尔从外界环境中进入金属中,在焊丝中添加适量的正确的脱氧剂,是采用含氧的保护气体时所必不可少的条件,同样在大多数的其他情况下也是有益的,在钢焊丝中最经常使用的脱氧剂是锰,硅和铝,这些都是合金去所要求的结果罢了。
与其他焊接方法相比较,熔化极气体保护电弧焊用焊丝直径是很小的,焊丝的平均直径大约为1.0-1.6mm,但是,有时候焊丝直径可以小到0.5mm,大道3.2mm的焊丝,因为熔化极气体保护电弧焊采用小直径焊丝和比较大的电流,所以焊丝的熔化速度非常高,除镁之外,所有金属的熔化速度范围大约为2.4-20.4m每分,以使确保焊丝可以连续而顺利地通过送丝软管和焊枪,通常应在钢焊丝表面镀铜或涂防护油等,同时焊丝还是被规则地盘在一定尺寸的焊丝盘或者焊丝卷当中。
因为焊丝直径比较小,所以焊丝的表面积与体积之比较大,因此,在加工过程中在焊丝表面上将存在较大的波丝剂,因为此外这些物质的放置可以直接的防止在焊接当中出现焊接缺陷,所以要特别注意焊丝的清理和防止污染。
此外,熔化极气体保护电弧焊还广泛用于堆焊和电弧点焊,这里应根据要求注意选择焊丝成分和母材稀释率,以便获得所要求的堆焊焊道成分和点焊焊缝质量。
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